Tuesday, August 22, 2017

Spring Boot-Jetty-Ubuntu

This post applies to:

Jetty version 9.4.6.v20170531
Spring Boot 1.5.6.RELEASE
Ubuntu 16.04.3 LTS

The problem

Running Spring Boot applications in Jetty environment as WARs is not as simple as the documentation states due to:

Lack of documentation about installing Jetty (specified version) on Ubuntu (specified version) (some samples I used):
- http://www.ubuntugeek.com/install-jetty–9-java-servlet-engine-and-webserver-on-ubuntu–15–04-server.html
- https://hostpresto.com/community/tutorials/how-to-install-jetty–9-on-ubuntu–14–04/
Completely outdated/wrong Jetty installation instructions (https://www.eclipse.org/jetty/documentation/9.4.x/startup-unix-service.html)

The main requirement was to run some simple Spring Boot application that performs a scheduled task. The main problem was that after installing Jetty and deploying the WAR nothing happened…Ups!

The Resolution

Step 1

The Spring Boot application was using the following entry point:

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;
import org.springframework.boot.web.support.SpringBootServletInitializer;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.scheduling.TaskScheduler;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling;
import org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ConcurrentTaskScheduler;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableScheduling
public class SalusptApplication extends SpringBootServletInitializer {

    @Override
    protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) {
        return application.sources(SalusptApplication.class);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SalusptApplication.class, args);
    }
    
    @Bean
    public TaskScheduler taskScheduler() {
        return new ConcurrentTaskScheduler();
    }
    
}

At this point application started to run properly from IDE (STS) so it was the time to deploy it on Jetty: run mvn package and you obtain the WAR under two flavours:

target<application>.WAR
target<application>-original.war

The first one contains also the jars for running with embeded application server but you can safely deploy it.

Remark: Jetty was running as root since no JETTY_USER environment variable was defined yet.

Deployment looked successfull (no errors in logs) but nothing happened.

After some trial/error attempts it was quite obvious that configure method was not called so no chance for Spring Boot initialization process to be triggered. Nothing in official Spring Boot reference was mentioning about enabling anotations module on Jetty, of course we have had to be more attentive in our kindergarten Java courses…(I am a newbie in Spring/Jetty world, why not to find out things the hard way!)

Step 2

After enabling the annotation module another surprise…application still not working: I’ve got (by analysing logs) an error similar to the one described here: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/41995029/jersey-spring3–2–25–1-produces-failed-startup-of-context-error-in-jetty–9–3. Removing Jersey dependency in Maven pom.xml solved the problem (somehow, at some point in future I plan to have some REST API exposed to the world, fingers cross!)

Step 3

Without really understanding what I was doing at the phase of generatig the project scheleton through https://start.spring.io/ I added devtools to the project. Well, trying to deploy to Jetty the WAR I’ve got another error, something with not finding an entry point for restarting the application. Till restarting I neede a first proper start so…good by devtools.

Step 4

Now added JETTY_USER=jetty to /env/defaults/jetty

Another surprise…Jetty would not start. After another late night hours of trial and error attempts I noticed that if I change ownership of \run\jetty to user jetty the server starts and I can deploy the WAR. The problem was that after restrating the server the permissions on /run directory were lost. Ok, time to analyze /etc/init.d/jetty. The short story (also described here: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/17999729/jetty-bash-script-works-only-with-root-user):

The evil hides behind the following snippet: if [ -z "$JETTY_RUN" ] then JETTY_RUN=$(findDirectory -w /var/run /usr/var/run $JETTY_BASE /tmp)/jetty [ -d "$JETTY_RUN" ] || mkdir $JETTY_RUN fi If no JETTY_RUN environment variable is defined the script attempts to build a base one and appends jetty to it; so the directory is created (surprise) under root account and later attempt to start jetty (start-stop-daemon -S -p"$JETTY_PID" $CH_USER -d"$JETTY_BASE" -b -m -a "$JAVA" -- "${RUN_ARGS[@]}" start-log-file="$JETTY_START_LOG") with JETTY_START_LOG="$JETTY_RUN/$NAME-start.log" will fail since jetty user will not be able to create the log file.

The solution was to pre-define the JETTY_RUN environment variable pointing to a directory where jetty is owner.

Appendix

Full Jetty installation steps

Java 8

sudo -i

Run one by one the following commands;watch out for capitalized Y on answers.

apt install software-properties-common
add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java
apt-get update
apt-get install oracle-java8-installer

#apt-get install  oracle-java8-set-default

Download and install Jetty

sudo -i

mkdir -p /opt/jetty
mkdir -p /opt/web/jettybase
mkdir /opt/web/jettybase/run
mkdir -p /opt/jetty/temp
useradd --user-group --shell /bin/false --home-dir /opt/jetty/temp jetty
chown -R jetty:jetty /opt/jetty
chown -R jetty:jetty /opt/web/jettybase
chown -R jetty:jetty /opt/jetty/temp

cd /tmp
wget http://central.maven.org/maven2/org/eclipse/jetty/jetty-distribution/9.4.6.v20170531/jetty-distribution-9.4.6.v20170531.tar.gz
cd /opt/jetty

tar -zxf /tmp/jetty-distribution-9.4.6.v20170531.tar.gz 
cd /opt/jetty/jetty-distribution-9.4.6.v20170531

cp bin/jetty.sh /etc/init.d/jetty

cd /opt/web/jettybase

java -jar /opt/jetty/jetty-distribution-9.4.6.v20170531/start.jar --add-to-start=deploy,http,console-capture,annotations

#configures Java for debug, must be removed from production environmemnts
echo "JETTY_HOME=/opt/jetty/jetty-distribution-9.4.6.v20170531" > /etc/default/jetty
echo "JETTY_BASE=/opt/web/jettybase" >> /etc/default/jetty
echo "JETTY_RUN=/opt/web/jettybase/run" >> /etc/default/jetty
echo "TMPDIR=/opt/jetty/temp" >> /etc/default/jetty
echo "JAVA_OPTIONS=\"-Xdebug -agentlib:jdwp=transport=dt_socket,address=9999,server=y,suspend=n\"" >> /etc/default/jetty
echo "JETTY_USER=jetty" >> /etc/default/jetty


service jetty check

update-rc.d jetty defaults

service jetty start

service jetty status

# if service not starting check all involved directories that jetty user is owner

# just for development, in order to be able to copy files through WinSCP:
chmod o+w /opt/web/jettybase/webapps

How Spring Boot Bootsrap Should Work

The >=3.0 Servlet Container (Jetty in our case) will try (if annotations module is activated!) to find in class path all implementations of javax.servlet.ServletContainerInitializer and will call its onStartup method with a Set of all implementations of the @HandlesTypes mentioned class:

package org.springframework.web;
...

@HandlesTypes(WebApplicationInitializer.class)
public class SpringServletContainerInitializer implements ServletContainerInitializer {

    /**
     * Delegate the {@code ServletContext} to any {@link WebApplicationInitializer}
     * implementations present on the application classpath.
     * <p>Because this class declares @{@code HandlesTypes(WebApplicationInitializer.class)},
     * Servlet 3.0+ containers will automatically scan the classpath for implementations
     * of Spring's {@code WebApplicationInitializer} interface and provide the set of all
     * such types to the {@code webAppInitializerClasses} parameter of this method.
     * <p>If no {@code WebApplicationInitializer} implementations are found on the classpath,
     * this method is effectively a no-op. An INFO-level log message will be issued notifying
     * the user that the {@code ServletContainerInitializer} has indeed been invoked but that
     * no {@code WebApplicationInitializer} implementations were found.
     * <p>Assuming that one or more {@code WebApplicationInitializer} types are detected,
     * they will be instantiated (and <em>sorted</em> if the @{@link
     * org.springframework.core.annotation.Order @Order} annotation is present or
     * the {@link org.springframework.core.Ordered Ordered} interface has been
     * implemented). Then the {@link WebApplicationInitializer#onStartup(ServletContext)}
     * method will be invoked on each instance, delegating the {@code ServletContext} such
     * that each instance may register and configure servlets such as Spring's
     * {@code DispatcherServlet}, listeners such as Spring's {@code ContextLoaderListener},
     * or any other Servlet API componentry such as filters.
     * @param webAppInitializerClasses all implementations of
     * {@link WebApplicationInitializer} found on the application classpath
     * @param servletContext the servlet context to be initialized
     * @see WebApplicationInitializer#onStartup(ServletContext)
     * @see AnnotationAwareOrderComparator
     */
    @Override
    public void onStartup(Set<Class<?>> webAppInitializerClasses, ServletContext servletContext)
            throws ServletException {

        List<WebApplicationInitializer> initializers = new LinkedList<WebApplicationInitializer>();

        if (webAppInitializerClasses != null) {
            for (Class<?> waiClass : webAppInitializerClasses) {
                // Be defensive: Some servlet containers provide us with invalid classes,
                // no matter what @HandlesTypes says...
...

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Tuesday, June 20, 2017

Building pgModeler

This apply to version 0.9.0 and Windows OS. Read first installer instruction on https://pgmodeler.com.br/support/installation; this just adding some clarifications, the instructions (mainly related to QT paths) are a little bit “confused”.

Download and install the prerequisites

Be sure to:

Download 32 bits versions for all prerequisites
Install them in paths without spaces, like D:\PostgreSQL32\9.6

Qt framework

Download the MingW32 bits version from http://download.qt.io/archive/qt/5.6/5.6.2/qt-opensource-windows-x86-mingw492–5.6.2.exe

Install it in default location; otherwise change the paths below accordingly.

Add C:/Qt/Qt5.6.2/Tools/mingw492_32/bin to system path; at some point the make process will invoke g++ and will not find it otherwise.

PostgreSQL

Download from EnterpriseDB the 32 bits version and install it in D:\PostgreSQL32; otherwise change the paths below accordingly.

If you already have a 64 bits version installed be sure to go services and stop/disable the 32 bits service.

Git

Install Git as instructed

Run the build

Download source code from https://github.com/pgmodeler/pgmodeler.git (watch out the path: no spaces…). Check-out version 0.9.0

Change the pgmodeler.pri acordingly:

windows {
  !defined(PGSQL_LIB, var): PGSQL_LIB = "D:/PostgreSQL32/9.6/lib/libpq.dll"
  !defined(PGSQL_INC, var): PGSQL_INC = "D:/PostgreSQL32/9.6/include"
  !defined(XML_INC, var): XML_INC = "D:/PostgreSQL32/9.6/include"
  !defined(XML_LIB, var): XML_LIB = "D:/PostgreSQL32/9.6/bin/libxml2.dll"
...

Start bash from a command window in pgmodeler directory.

At the command prompt run the commands:

C:/Qt/Qt5.6.2/5.6/mingw49_32/bin/qmake.exe pgmodeler.pro
C:/Qt/Qt5.6.2/Tools/mingw492_32/bin/mingw32-make.exe
C:/Qt/Qt5.6.2/Tools/mingw492_32/bin/mingw32-make.exe  install
cd build
C:/Qt/Qt5.6.2/5.6/mingw49_32/bin/windeployqt pgmodeler.exe

Please be patient, it might take more than 30 minutes…

In order to run build\pgmodeler.exe you have to copy in several libraries from:

C:/Qt/Qt5.6.2/5.6/mingw49_32/bin:
- Qt5*.dll.
D:/PostgreSQL32/9.6/
- lib/libpq.dll
- bin/libxml2.dll

Now run build\pgmodeler.exe…fingers cross!

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Wednesday, February 8, 2017

Jira SSO

This post applies to cloud hosted Jira, version v1000.747.0 and ADFS as included in Windows Server 2012.

Be sure to add first an administrator with an email outside your mycompany.com domain so that you can connect to Jira if SAML is not configured correctly

Step 1

In order to configure SSO integration we must first register our domain (SITE ADMINISTRATION->User Management), let’s say mycompany.com. A file generated by Jira must be made available over HTTPS at https://mycompany.com/atlassian-domain-verification.html. Plase notice the format of the URL, the right DNS redirection to https://www.mycompany.com/atlassian-domain-verification.html must be configured.

Step 2

Fill in the required information about our Identity Provider (exposed only in Intranet):

Identity provider Entity ID: http://ts-adfs.mycompany.local/adfs/services/trust
Identity provider SSO URL: https://ts-adfs.mycompany.local/adfs/ls/
Public x509 certificate

Step 3

In ADFS create a new Service Provider using the information provided by Jira SAML configuration page:

SP Entity ID: https://id.atlassian.com/login
SP Assertion Consumer Service URL: https://id.atlassian.com/login/saml/acs

As specified at https://confluence.atlassian.com/purchasing/saml-single-sign-on-for-atlassian-account–860002668.html edit the claim rules adding the following entries (using Active Directory as attribute store):

E-Mail-Addresses->E-Mail Addresses
Given-Name->Given Name
Surname->Surname
SAM-Account-Name->UPN

Step 4

Trying to login to Jira now will result in an error (not very specific). By looking into ADFS Windows Logs (Applications and Services Logs->AD FS Tracing->Debug) you will notice something about Name Id not supported format (email). I found the solution at http://wiki.servicenow.com/index.php?title=Configuring_ADFS_3.0_to_Communicate_with_SAML_2.0#ADFS_Relying_Party_Configuration&gsc.tab=0:

Add a new rule to existing claims rules, type Transform an Incoming Claim:
Select Incoming claim type: E-Mail Address
Select Outgoing claim type: Name ID
Outgoing name ID format: email

The resulted claim Rule language is:

c:[Type == "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2005/05/identity/claims/emailaddress"]
 => issue(Type = "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2005/05/identity/claims/nameidentifier", Issuer = c.Issuer, OriginalIssuer = c.OriginalIssuer, Value = c.Value, ValueType = c.ValueType, Properties["http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2005/05/identity/claimproperties/format"] = "urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.1:nameid-format:emailAddress");

Step 5

Trying to login to Jira now will result in an error about resource not found, this time due by the IIS exposing the ADFS endpoint.

The cause is the default URL limitation of IIS. Perform the steps explaind in https://www.iis.net/configreference/system.webserver/security/requestfiltering/requestlimits:

Use IIS administration interface
Select Default Site and double click Request Filtering
Click on Edit Feature Settings
Change:
- Maximum URL length to 8192
- Maximum query string to 8000

Step 6

We get now another error due to the query string limitation in ASP.Net as controlled by web.config. Edit web.config as mentioned at https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/e1f13641(v=vs.100).aspx

  <system.web>
...
    <httpRuntime requestValidationMode="2.0" maxQueryStringLength = "8000" maxUrlLength ="8192"/>
  </system.web>

Finaly

You can login now by just providing email@mycompany.com (depending your browser configuration you will or not be prompted with authentication form by ADFS: see WIA configuration for IE/Chrome for instance).

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OTRS Too Many Connections

Running OTRS on MySQL you might get seldom ‘Too Many Connections’ Error.

This happened recently on my company’s OTRS implementation; I’m just recording findings, nothing to blame neither OTRS nor MySQL!

Facts

After several years of successfully running OTRS on CENTOS/MySQL (MyISAM storage engine) we suddenly started facing daily customers/agents complaining about not being able to use the system any more while getting ‘Too Many Connections’ error. Outage lasted tens of minutes and disappeared without any intervention.

During outage we were unable to open MySQL Workbrench to check through Client Connections what was happening.

Findings

After several such events we decided to leave open an instance of MySQL Workbrench with Client Connection active. When next event occurred we noticed that there was a client connection running a long lasting query with state ‘Copy data to tmp table’ while all other connections were in ‘Locked’ state. Please notice that MyISAM:

Has only full table lock granularity;
Caches only indexes, not data
Data cache is left at OS operating mercy

Running the query once again we noticed: - it took no time to complete - after clearing the query cache (RESET QUERY CACHE;) it took 5 seconds - after clearing OS disk cache (CentOS) through echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches (see Clear Disk Cache ) the query took over 180 seconds.

Conclusion

Due to some facts (…?) at some point there was a query triggered by a client action, query that lasts very long. During this period one of the most used table becomes locked so any subsequent queries will become locked waiting the initial query to finish. OTRS client, noticing no response from the system, will try refreshing the page or clicking once again some link which in turn will trigger server side opening of a new MySQL connection till the default 151 connections is hit.

Solution

After increasing the OS memory from 6 GB to 12 GB and key_buffer_size to 3 GB (a little bit to defensive) we encountered no more errors.

Some useful MySQL queries

SHOW STATUS LIKE 'key%';
SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'key%';

SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'max_heap_table_size';

SHOW STATUS LIKE '%tmp%';

RESET QUERY CACHE;

show engines;

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Piwik Installation

This applies to Ubuntu 16.04 LTS.

Compiled from https://www.howtoforge.com/tutorial/installing-nginx-with-php7-fpm-and-mysql-on-ubuntu–16.04-lts-lemp/

Install MySQL

Run the following and provide the appropriate answers to subsequent prompts: apt-get -y install mysql-server mysql_secure_installation If you want to manage your MySQL instance from external computers choose No to the question Disallow root login remotely? and change the mysql.conf (usually found in /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf) and set the bind-address parameter to 0.0.0.0. To find the actual path for the configuration file run /usr/sbin/mysqld --help --verbose If you install Piwik on the same machine this is not required.

Create database/user for Piwik

$ mysql -u root -p
mysql> CREATE DATABASE piwik;
mysql> CREATE USER 'piwik'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'change_to_real_password';
mysql> GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, CREATE, DROP, ALTER, CREATE TEMPORARY TABLES, LOCK TABLES ON piwik.* TO 'piwik'@'localhost';
mysql> EXIT

Install Nginx

If you have already installed Apache, remove it:

service apache2 stop
update-rc.d -f apache2 remove
apt-get remove apache2

sudo -i
apt-get update
apt-get -y install nginx

Check the status of the firewall

Nginx registers itself with ufw so:

Check of ufw is enabled: ufw status
If enabled then register one of the Nginx registered profiles (found out by running ufw app list) like:
- ufw allow 'Nginx HTTP'

Check Nginx

From within a browser try http://\<IP\>

Install PHP 7

apt-get -y install php7.0-fpm

Modify default site configuration file /etc/nginx/sites-available/default by de-commenting the following lines:

...
    location ~ \.php$ {
        include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
...
        fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php7.0-fpm.sock;
    }

...
    location ~ /\.ht {
        deny all;
    }

Reload Nginx:

service nginx reload

Open /etc/php/7.0/fpm/php.ini and set cgi.fix_pathinfo=0: Restart php:

service php7.0-fpm reload

Check the installation

Create info.php in /var/www/html/info.php with the following content:

<?php
phpinfo();
?>

Watch out for CRLFs on Windows (end of line should be \n regularly in Linux).

Try now http://<IP>/info.php

Install additional packages required by Piwik

apt-get -y install php7.0-curl php7.0-gd php7.0-cli php-geoip php7.0-mysql
apt-get -y install php-mbstring php7.0-mbstring
apt-get -y install php-xml

Install Piwik

Run:

cd /tmp
apt-get install unzip
wget https://builds.piwik.org/piwik.zip && unzip piwik.zip
mkdir /var/www//html/piwik
cp -R ./piwik/* /var/www/html/piwik
chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/html/piwik
chmod -R 0755 /var/www/html/piwik/tmp

Now browse to http://<FQDN>/piwik/index.php

Configure your Piwik instance. The following script-let should be included in each page of your site (as specified by the setup:Make sure this code is on every page of your website. We recommend to paste it immediately before the closing </head> tag.). Be sure to change the <FQDN> with the appropriate value.

<!-- Piwik -->
<script type="text/javascript">
  var _paq = _paq || [];
  // tracker methods like "setCustomDimension" should be called before "trackPageView"
  _paq.push(['trackPageView']);
  _paq.push(['enableLinkTracking']);
  (function() {
    var u="//<FQDN>/piwik/";
    _paq.push(['setTrackerUrl', u+'piwik.php']);
    _paq.push(['setSiteId', '1']);
    var d=document, g=d.createElement('script'), s=d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0];
    g.type='text/javascript'; g.async=true; g.defer=true; g.src=u+'piwik.js'; s.parentNode.insertBefore(g,s);
  })();
</script>
<!-- End Piwik Code -->

Publishing Problem

The monitored site had some peculiarities:

It is used from intranet or from internet, published through a reverse proxy
It can be used over plain HTTP or over HTTPS (through SSO or from internet); when used over HTTP from intranet it worked fine but over HTTPS (also from intranet) the request to Piwik (due to security reasons) was also done over HTTPS which obviously failed (the //<FQDN>/piwik/ syntax indicates to the browser to make the request over the same protocol as the referral page was loaded)

So overall the default Piwik installation didn’t work since it was not accessible through HTTPS nor from internet.

The first step was to publish the site through the same reverse proxy, both HTTP and HTTPS (with the tunnel being terminated at proxy level) with Forward Original HOST Header set to Off. Trying to access the administrative interface through the public FQDN led to a security error (something with actual Referral not matching the expected one).

Next step was to change the proxy settings so that the original HOST header was forwarded to Piwik. Another error popped up stating (as a conclusion, the error text was rather stupid like Piwik was accessed from [URL] but it was configured to be accessed from [URL]) that the value of the HOST header is not registered as safe in config\config.ini.php.

By adding the FQDN in [General] section as:

trusted_hosts[] = "FQDN"

the integration works just fine.

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Monitoring WildFly with VisualVM

Monitoring Wildfly 10 with JVisual VM

We have a performance problem on our Wildfly server (running as a Windows service) and we want to use jVisualVM (VisualVM actually).

Download the latest version from https://visualvm.github.io/
Unpack the archieve
Create the following batch in the root folder of the unpacked archieve(change the path to jboss-client.jar acordingly): cd bin visualvm.exe -cp:a C:\Java\wildfly-10.0.0.Final\bin\client\jboss-client.jar
Run the batch; you will not see (most probably) the Wildfly server in the identified applications because it is running as a different user (see http://stackoverflow.com/questions/32281266/why-java-visualvm-is-not-showing-wildfly-when-it-is-started-as-a-service)
Add a JMX connection by specifying the connection as service:jmx:remote+http://127.0.0.1:9990; be sure you have creted an admin user on your Wildfly instance
Open the connection

SSH Port Forwarding S2C

Server2Client (S2C) Port Forwarding

Server install

Install a Linux virtual machine (Ubuntu 16.04 in my case).
Install ssh server apt-get install openssh-server.
Edit /etc/ssh/sshd_config and add the following line (otherwise ssh will publish the forwarding port only on local host nevermind the client’s rule):
- GatewayPorts clientspecified
Restart ssh service or the whole server (shutdown -r now); watch out that restarting ssh service (like service ssh restart or service ssh stop+service ssh start will not kill existing established ssh sessions because they are run as separate sshd processes
Configure the client
Check that the ssh service listens on 3389 by running lsof -i :3389 (we target RDP protocol, see Client Install section)
Check all sshd processes lsof -i -n | egrep '\<sshd\>'

Client Install

Download and install Bitvise Tunnelier client https://www.bitvise.com/ssh-client-download

Run Bitvise SSH Client:

Create/save a profile by specifying:
- Login tab
  - Host
  - Username (SSH user)
  - Initial Method password
  - Password
  - Store encrypted password in profile
- Options tab:
  - Allways reconnect automatically
  - Un-check the On-login options
- S2C tab:
  - Add as many rules as required by specifying:
    - Enabled
    - Listen interface: 0.0.0.0 (this means that the SSH server will accept connections on all interfaces)
    - Listen port: 3389 (for instance, SSH server will wait connections on this port)
    - Destination host (where on the client’s side the connection will be redirected):
      - localhost for the local computer
      - IP/FQDN for another computer
    - Destination port: 3389, to redirect to a local computer RDP requests
Press Login

Use the Forwarded Port

Suppose that our Linux machine is called sshs2c we can now open a RDP connection on the remote host (the one specified in <Destination host:Destination port>) by connecting to sshs2c:<Listen port>

Windows ssh servers

Remark: I haven’t fully tried the below mentioned OpenSSH approaches but I just would mention them in case you are interested in bypassing the installation of the Linux virtual machine (which actually brings an additional layer of security since you are not exposing your workstation directly over internet on highly sensitive port 22)

WinSCP mentioned Microsoft (!) implementation of ssh server (https://winscp.net/eng/docs/guide_windows_openssh_server):
- Have a look on github project wiki
- Windows users used for user/password authentication/authorization are local users, not domain users
http://www.mls-software.com/opensshd.html#botpage

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Install ApacheDS

sudo -i
cd /tmp
wget http://apache.javapipe.com//directory/apacheds/dist/2.0.0-M23/apacheds-2.0.0-M23-amd64.deb
chmod +x apacheds-2.0.0-M23-amd64.deb
dpkg -i apacheds-2.0.0-M23-amd64.deb
update-rc.d apacheds-2.0.0-M23-default defaults
shutdown -r now

Check the log in /var/lib/apacheds…/default/log/apacheds.log for successful start-up; a single line should be present (something like [13:19:14] WARN [org.apache.directory.server.core.DefaultDirectoryService] - You didn't change the admin password of directory service instance 'default'. Please update the admin password as soon as possible to prevent a possible security breach.
Download latest ApacheDS Studio and install it
- Create a new connection specifying:
  - Network parameters:
    - Connection name
    - Hostname
    - Port: 10389
    - Press "Check Network Parameters’
  - Authentication
    - Bind dn ou user : uid=admin,ou=system
    - Bind password : secret
    - Press ‘Check Authetication’
  - Finish
- Change adminstrator’s password by editing ou=system->uid=admin and choosing anything else than plain text
  - SSHA, for instance
- Close the connection, reconfigure the connection’s stored password and reopen it
- Create a new partition by selecting ‘Open Configuration’ in the contextual menu (right click) of the newly created connection:
  - Advanced Partition Configuration…
  - Add..
    - Specify ID (like mycompany)and partition suffix like dc=mycompany)
    - Save
  - Restart the service service apacheds restart
- Refresh the browser tree by selecting Reload from contextual menu
- Perform any data import as required (from LDIF files for instance)

Important remark: Please notice that ldapsearch or the data export from ApacheDS Studio do not save info in the right sequence for importing (dependent objects after the objects they depend on)

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JPA Persist vs Merge

Once again, Persist versus Merge

There are tons of posts on internet on this topic; I will not duplicate already existing info but just emphasize a simple sample showing that not understanding the basics of JPA notions can lead to very unpleasant side effects.

To began with some (very) simplified assertions on above mentioned operations:

Persist will:
- turn your newly created entity into a managed one and will issue an INSERT statement at transaction commit or flush operation;
- For IDENTITY/SEQUENCE based PK generation the latest PK value is retrieved from the database and filled in the managed entity (which is the original one passed to the Persist operation!)
Merge will:
- Create a managed copy of your entity; this copy will be returned by the merge call while your original entity will not become managed(!)
- SELECT SQL statements will be issued in order to decide if and INSERT or UPDATE will be used prior the end of transaction/flush operation
- The appropriate SQL statement will be then issued (INSERT/UPDATE)
- For IDENTITY/SEQUENCE based PK generation the latest PK value is retrieved from the database and filled in the managed entity (not in the original one!)

Now, in conjunction with CascadeType.Persist/All applied on a @OneToMany relationship the disaster is eminent. Let me explain on a simple sample.

Suppose we have a Car entity (owned by a company) having as a property the current driver and we want to manage also the history of allocated drivers. We will be tempted to have something like this:

    @OneToMany(cascade = CascadeType.ALL, mappedBy = "carId")
    private Collection<PersonHistory> personHistoryCollection;

Imagine the following scenario:

We change the driver for a Car; the back end action automatically does the following operations:
- add a new driver to the personHistoryCollection
- changes the previous current driver in personHistoryCollection last date he owned the car
- changes the current driver reference in the Car instance
We call merge operation on the Car instance

At the moment of calling the merge we have the following situation:

Car instance modified
Previous PersonHistory ( member in personHistoryCollection) having last date modified
A new PersonHistory entity added to the collection

The Persist operation will update in the database the Car and, due to the CascadeType.All, will be subsequently applied also to all members of personHistoryCollection updating the previous PersonHistory entity and inserting a new PersonHistory. The INSERT will not update the PK of the newly created PersonHistory (the PK will remain NULL) due to the way Merge operation works on copies of original entity and thus leaving the collection in an inconsistent state.

Suppose you have chosen the @SessionScoped model for your backing bean and during the same Web session you add a new driver: the next merge operation sees that the previous PersonHistory has a NULL PK and performs an INSERT instead on an UPDATE. Nice, isn’t it?

So, be sure you have a at least a basic understanding of persist/merge JPA operations and be cautious using CascadeTpe attributes. Apart from the inconsistencies between in session image and database image the merge operation applied in conjunction with CascadeType.* will lead to a lot of futile SQLECT statements.

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Log JPA Queries

Log JPA Queries in WildFly (10.1)

Do the following changes in server configuration file (like standalone.xml); restart the server after wise.

Change the console handler to look like:

            <console-handler name="CONSOLE">
                <level name="TRACE"/>
                <formatter>
                    <named-formatter name="COLOR-PATTERN"/>
                </formatter>
            </console-handler>

Add a logger for org.eclipse.persistence.sql:

            <logger category="org.eclipse.persistence.sql">
                <level name="DEBUG"/>
            </logger>

Run WildFly 10.1 as a Service on Windows

Copy docs\contrib\scripts\service directory to bin
Run cmd as an adminsitrator and go to bin\scripts
Run service.bat install /startup
Start the service

Before running the service.bat replace its contents with the following (or download the latest version from gitHub https://github.com/wildfly/wildfly-core/blob/master/core-feature-pack/src/main/resources/content/docs/contrib/scripts/service/service.bat). The problem with 10.1 release is that instead of

set DESCRIPTION=WildFly Application Server

we have

set DESCRIPTION="WildFly Application Server" which leads to double quoting in prunsrv parameters

@echo off
REM -------------------------------------------------------------------------
REM  WildFly Service Script for Windows
REM    It has to reside in %JBOSS_HOME%\bin
REM    It is expecting that prunsrv.exe reside in:
REM      %JBOSS_HOME%\bin\service\
REM Easiest way to make it work is to copy whole "service" directory to %JBOSS_HOME%\bin
REM
REM  v9 2016-02-16 customize for WildFly, fix working on paths with spaces (Tomaz Cerar)
REM  v8 2016-01-20 customize for EAP 7 (Petr Sakar)
REM  v7 2014-07-09 added /logpath /startup /config /hostconfig /base /debug
REM                      simplified/corrected use of quotes
REM
REM  v6 was shipped with EAP 6.2.0 and supports all previous versions of 6.x as well.
REM  v6 2013-08-21 added /name /desc
REM                added /serviceuser /servicepass
REM                extended directory checking for versions and locations
REM                extended checking on option usage
REM  v5 2013-06-10 adapted for EAP 6.1.0
REM  v4 2012-10-03 Small changes to properly handles spaces in LogPath, StartPath,
REM                and StopPath (George Rypysc)
REM  v3 2012-09-14 fixed service log path
REM                cmd line options for controller,domain host, loglevel,
REM        username,password
REM  v2 2012-09-05 NOPAUSE support
REM  v1 2012-08-20 initial edit
REM
REM Author: Tom Fonteyne (unless noted above)
REM ========================================================
setlocal EnableExtensions EnableDelayedExpansion

set DEBUG=0
if "%DEBUG%" == "1" (
    echo "Debug info enabled"
    echo on
)

set "DIRNAME=%~dp0%"
if "%DEBUG%" == "1" (
    echo DIRNAME "%DIRNAME%x"
)

if exist "%DIRNAME%..\jboss-modules.jar" (
  REM we are in JBOSS_HOME/bin
  set "WE=%DIRNAME%..\"
  goto :WE_FOUND
) else if exist "%DIRNAME%..\..\jboss-modules.jar" (
  REM we are in bin\service in a WildFly installation
  set "WE=%DIRNAME%..\..\"
  goto :WE_FOUND
) else if exist "%DIRNAME%..\..\..\jboss-modules.jar" (
  REM we are in sbin in a 6.0.x installation
  set "WE=%DIRNAME%..\..\..\"
  goto :WE_FOUND
) else (
  REM we should be in sbin in 6.1 and up
  set "WE=%DIRNAME%..\..\..\..\..\..\"
)

if "%DEBUG%" == "1" (
    echo WE was not found, using "%WE%"
)

:WE_FOUND
if "%DEBUG%" == "1" (
    echo WE "%WE%"
)
pushd "%WE%"
set "RESOLVED_JBOSS_HOME=%CD%"
popd
set WE=
set DIRNAME=
if "x%JBOSS_HOME%" == "x" (
  set "JBOSS_HOME=%RESOLVED_JBOSS_HOME%"
)

pushd "%JBOSS_HOME%"
set "SANITIZED_JBOSS_HOME=%CD%"
popd

if "%DEBUG%" == "1" (
    echo SANITIZED_JBOSS_HOME="%SANITIZED_JBOSS_HOME%"
    echo RESOLVED_JBOSS_HOME="%RESOLVED_JBOSS_HOME%"
    echo JBOSS_HOME="%JBOSS_HOME%"
)

if not "%RESOLVED_JBOSS_HOME%x" == "%SANITIZED_JBOSS_HOME%x" (
    echo WARNING JBOSS_HOME may be pointing to a different installation - unpredictable results may occur.
    goto cmdEnd
)

rem Find jboss-modules.jar to check JBOSS_HOME
if not exist "%JBOSS_HOME%\jboss-modules.jar" (
  echo Could not locate "%JBOSS_HOME%\jboss-modules.jar"
  goto cmdEnd
)

set PRUNSRV=
if "%PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE%"=="AMD64" (
  echo Using the X86-64bit version of prunsrv
  set PRUNSRV="%JBOSS_HOME%\bin\service\amd64\wildfly-service"
) else (
  echo Using the X86-32bit version of prunsrv
  set PRUNSRV="%JBOSS_HOME%\bin\service\wildfly-service"
)

if "%DEBUG%" == "1" (
    echo PRUNSRV %PRUNSRV%
)

echo(

rem defaults
set SHORTNAME=Wildfly
set DISPLAYNAME=WildFly
rem NO quotes around the description here !
set DESCRIPTION=WildFly Application Server
set CONTROLLER=localhost:9990
set DC_HOST=master
set IS_DOMAIN=false
set LOGLEVEL=INFO
set LOGPATH=
set JBOSSUSER=
set JBOSSPASS=
set SERVICE_USER=
set SERVICE_PASS=
set STARTUP_MODE=manual
set ISDEBUG=
set CONFIG=
set HOSTCONFIG=host.xml
set BASE=

set COMMAND=%1
shift
if /I "%COMMAND%" == "install"   goto cmdInstall
if /I "%COMMAND%" == "uninstall" goto cmdUninstall
if /I "%COMMAND%" == "start"     goto cmdStart
if /I "%COMMAND%" == "stop"      goto cmdStop
if /I "%COMMAND%" == "restart"   goto cmdRestart

echo ERROR: invalid command

:cmdUsage
echo WildFly Service Script for Windows
echo Usage:
echo(
echo   service install ^<options^>  , where the options are:
echo(
echo     /startup                  : Set the service to auto start
echo                                 Not specifying sets the service to manual
echo(
echo     /jbossuser ^<username^>     : JBoss username to use for the shutdown command.
echo     /jbosspass ^<password^>     : Password for /jbossuser
echo(
echo     /controller ^<host:port^>   : The host:port of the management interface.
echo                                 default: %CONTROLLER%
echo(
echo     /host [^<domainhost^>]      : Indicates that domain mode is to be used with an
echo                                 optional domain controller name.
echo                                 default: %DC_HOST%
echo                                 Not specifying /host will install JBoss in
echo                                 standalone mode.
echo(
echo Options to use when multiple services or different accounts are needed:
echo(
echo     /name ^<servicename^>       : The name of the service
echo(
echo                                 default: %SHORTNAME%
echo     /desc ^<description^>       : The description of the service, use double
echo                                 quotes to allow spaces.
echo                                 Maximum 1024 characters.
echo                                 default: %DESCRIPTION%
echo(
echo     /serviceuser ^<username^>   : Specifies the name of the account under which
echo                                 the service should run.
echo                                 Use an account name in the form of
echo                                 DomainName\UserName
echo                                 default: not used, the service runs as
echo                                 Local System Account.
echo     /servicepass ^<password^>   : password for /serviceuser
echo(
echo Advanced options:
echo(
echo     /config ^<xmlfile^>         : The server-config to use
echo                                 default: standalone.xml / domain.xml
echo     /hostconfig ^<xmlfile^>     : domain mode only, the host config to use
echo                                 default: host.xml
echo(
echo     /base ^<directory^>         : The base directory for server/domain content
echo                                 Must be specified as a fully qualified path
echo                                 default: %JBOSS_HOME%\standalone or
echo                                          %JBOSS_HOME%\domain
echo(
echo     /loglevel ^<level^>         : The log level for the service:  Error, Info,
echo                                 Warn or Debug ^(Case insensitive^)
echo                                 default: %LOGLEVEL%
echo     /logpath ^<path^>           : Path of the log
echo                                 default depends on domain or standalone mode
echo                                 /base applies when /logpath is not set.
echo                                   %JBOSS_HOME%\domain\log
echo                                   %JBOSS_HOME%\standalone\log
echo(
echo     /debug                    : run the service install in debug mode
echo(
echo Other commands:
echo(
echo   service uninstall [/name ^<servicename^>]
echo   service start [/name ^<servicename^>]
echo   service stop [/name ^<servicename^>]
echo   service restart [/name ^<servicename^>]
echo(
echo     /name  ^<servicename^>      : Name of the service: should not contain spaces
echo                                 default: %SHORTNAME%
echo(
goto endBatch

:cmdInstall

:LoopArgs
if "%~1" == "" goto doInstall

if /I "%~1"== "/debug" (
  set ISDEBUG=true
  shift
  goto LoopArgs
)
if /I "%~1"== "/startup" (
  set STARTUP_MODE=auto
  shift
  goto LoopArgs
)
if /I "%~1"== "/config" (
  set CONFIG=
  if not "%~2"=="" (
    set T=%~2
    if not "!T:~0,1!"=="/" (
      set CONFIG=%~2
    )
  )
  if "!CONFIG!" == "" (
    echo ERROR: You need to specify a config name
    goto endBatch
  )
  shift
  shift
  goto LoopArgs
)
if /I "%~1"== "/hostconfig" (
  set HOSTCONFIG=
  if not "%~2"=="" (
    set T=%~2
    if not "!T:~0,1!"=="/" (
      set HOSTCONFIG=%~2
    )
  )
  if "!HOSTCONFIG!" == "" (
    echo ERROR: You need to specify a host-config name
    goto endBatch
  )
  shift
  shift
  goto LoopArgs
)
if /I "%~1"== "/base" (
  set BASE=
  if not "%~2"=="" (
    set T=%~2
    if not "!T:~0,1!"=="/" (
      set BASE=%~2
    )
  )
  if "!BASE!" == "" (
    echo ERROR: You need to specify a base directory name
    goto endBatch
  )
  shift
  shift
  goto LoopArgs
)
if /I "%~1"== "/controller" (
  set CONTROLLER=
  if not "%~2"=="" (
    set T=%~2
    if not "!T:~0,1!"=="/" (
      set CONTROLLER=%~2
    )
  )
  if "!CONTROLLER!" == "" (
    echo ERROR: The management interface should be specified in the format host:port, example:  127.0.0.1:9999
    goto endBatch
  )
  shift
  shift
  goto LoopArgs
)
if /I "%~1"== "/name" (
  set SHORTNAME=
  if not "%~2"=="" (
    set T=%~2
    if not "!T:~0,1!"=="/" (
      set SHORTNAME=%~2
      set DISPLAYNAME=%~2
    )
  )
  if "!SHORTNAME!" == "" (
    echo ERROR: You need to specify a service name
    goto endBatch
  )
  shift
  shift
  goto LoopArgs
)
if /I "%~1"== "/desc" (
  set DESCRIPTION=
  if not "%~2"=="" (
    set T=%~2
    if not "!T:~0,1!"=="/" (
      set DESCRIPTION=%~2
    )
  )
  if "!DESCRIPTION!" == "" (
    echo ERROR: You need to specify a description, maximum of 1024 characters
    goto endBatch
  )
  shift
  shift
  goto LoopArgs
)
if /I "%~1"== "/jbossuser" (
  set JBOSSUSER=
  if not "%~2"=="" (
    set T=%~2
    if not "!T:~0,1!"=="/" (
      set JBOSSUSER=%~2
    )
  )
  if "!JBOSSUSER!" == "" (
    echo ERROR: You need to specify a username
    goto endBatch
  )
  shift
  shift
  goto LoopArgs
)
if /I "%~1"== "/jbosspass" (
  set JBOSSPASS=
  if not "%~2"=="" (
    set T=%~2
    if not "!T:~0,1!"=="/" (
      set JBOSSPASS=%~2
    )
  )
  if "!JBOSSPASS!" == "" (
    echo ERROR: You need to specify a password for /jbosspass
    goto endBatch
  )
  shift
  shift
  goto LoopArgs
)
if /I "%~1"== "/serviceuser" (
  set SERVICE_USER=
  if not "%~2"=="" (
    set T=%~2
    if not "!T:~0,1!"=="/" (
      set SERVICE_USER=%~2
    )
  )
  if "!SERVICE_USER!" == "" (
    echo ERROR: You need to specify a username in the format DOMAIN\USER, or .\USER for the local domain
    goto endBatch
  )
  shift
  shift
  goto LoopArgs
)
if /I "%~1"== "/servicepass" (
  set SERVICE_PASS=
  if not "%~2"=="" (
    set T=%~2
    if not "!T:~0,1!"=="/" (
      set SERVICE_PASS=%~2
    )
  )
  if "!SERVICE_PASS!" == "" (
    echo ERROR: You need to specify a password for /servicepass
    goto endBatch
  )
  shift
  shift
  goto LoopArgs
)
rem the hostname is optional
if /I "%~1"== "/host" (
  set IS_DOMAIN=true
  if not "%~2"=="" (
    set T=%~2
    if not "!T:~0,1!"=="/" (
      set DC_HOST=%~2
      shift
    )
  )
  shift
  goto LoopArgs
)
if /I "%~1"== "/loglevel" (
  if /I not "%~2"=="Error" if /I not "%~2"=="Info" if /I not "%~2"=="Warn" if /I not "%~2"=="Debug" (
    echo ERROR: /loglevel must be set to Error, Info, Warn or Debug ^(Case insensitive^)
    goto endBatch
  )
  set LOGLEVEL=%~2
  shift
  shift
  goto LoopArgs
)
if /I "%~1"== "/logpath" (
  set LOGPATH=
  if not "%~2"=="" (
    set T=%~2
    if not "!T:~0,1!"=="/" (
      set LOGPATH=%~2
    )
  )
  if "!LOGPATH!" == "" (
    echo ERROR: You need to specify a path for the service log
    goto endBatch
  )
  shift
  shift
  goto LoopArgs
)
echo ERROR: Unrecognised option: %1
echo(
goto cmdUsage

:doInstall
set CREDENTIALS=
if not "%JBOSSUSER%" == "" (
  if "%JBOSSPASS%" == "" (
    echo When specifying a user, you need to specify the password
    goto endBatch
  )
  set CREDENTIALS=--user=%JBOSSUSER% --password=%JBOSSPASS%
)

set RUNAS=
if not "%SERVICE_USER%" == "" (
  if "%SERVICE_PASS%" == "" (
    echo When specifying a user, you need to specify the password
    goto endBatch
  )
  set RUNAS=--ServiceUser=%SERVICE_USER% --ServicePassword=%SERVICE_PASS%
)

if "%STDOUT%"=="" set STDOUT=auto
if "%STDERR%"=="" set STDERR=auto

if "%START_PATH%"=="" set START_PATH="%JBOSS_HOME%\bin"
if "%STOP_PATH%"=="" set STOP_PATH="%JBOSS_HOME%\bin"

if "%STOP_SCRIPT%"=="" set STOP_SCRIPT=jboss-cli.bat

if /I "%IS_DOMAIN%" == "true" (
  if "%BASE%"=="" set BASE="%JBOSS_HOME%\domain"
  if "%CONFIG%"=="" set CONFIG=domain.xml
  if "%START_SCRIPT%"=="" set START_SCRIPT=domain.bat
  set STARTPARAM="/c#set#NOPAUSE=Y#&&#!START_SCRIPT!#-Djboss.domain.base.dir=!BASE!#--domain-config=!CONFIG!#--host-config=!HOSTCONFIG!"
  set STOPPARAM="/c %STOP_SCRIPT% --controller=%CONTROLLER% --connect %CREDENTIALS% --command=/host=!DC_HOST!:shutdown"
) else (
  if "%BASE%"=="" set "BASE=%JBOSS_HOME%\standalone"
  if "%CONFIG%"=="" set CONFIG=standalone.xml
  if "%START_SCRIPT%"=="" set START_SCRIPT=standalone.bat
  set STARTPARAM="/c#set#NOPAUSE=Y#&&#!START_SCRIPT!#-Djboss.server.base.dir=!BASE!#--server-config=!CONFIG!"
  set STOPPARAM="/c !STOP_SCRIPT! --controller=%CONTROLLER% --connect %CREDENTIALS% --command=:shutdown"
)

if "%LOGPATH%"=="" set LOGPATH="!BASE!\log"

if not exist "%BASE%" (
  echo The base directory does not exist: "%BASE%"
  goto endBatch
)

if not exist "%BASE%\configuration\%CONFIG%" (
  echo The configuration does not exist: "%BASE%\configuration\%CONFIG%"
  goto endBatch
)

if /I "%ISDEBUG%" == "true" (
  echo JBOSS_HOME="%JBOSS_HOME%"
  echo RUNAS=%RUNAS%
  echo SHORTNAME="%SHORTNAME%"
  echo DESCRIPTION="%DESCRIPTION%"
  echo STARTPARAM=%STARTPARAM%
  echo STOPPARAM=%STOPPARAM%
  echo LOGLEVEL=%LOGLEVEL%
  echo LOGPATH=%LOGPATH%
  echo CREDENTIALS=%CREDENTIALS%
  echo BASE="%BASE%"
  echo CONFIG="%CONFIG%"
  echo START_SCRIPT=%START_SCRIPT%
  echo START_PATH=%START_PATH%
  echo STOP_SCRIPT=%STOP_SCRIPT%
  echo STOP_PATH=%STOP_PATH%
  echo STDOUT="%STDOUT%"
  echo STDERR="%STDERR%"
)
if /I "%ISDEBUG%" == "true" (
  @echo on
)

@rem quotes around the "%DESCRIPTION%" but nowhere else
echo %PRUNSRV% install %SHORTNAME% %RUNAS% --DisplayName=%DISPLAYNAME% --Description="%DESCRIPTION%" --LogLevel=%LOGLEVEL% --LogPath=%LOGPATH% --LogPrefix=service --StdOutput=%STDOUT% --StdError=%STDERR% --StartMode=exe --Startup=%STARTUP_MODE% --StartImage=cmd.exe --StartPath=%START_PATH% ++StartParams=%STARTPARAM% --StopMode=exe --StopImage=cmd.exe --StopPath=%STOP_PATH%  ++StopParams=%STOPPARAM%

%PRUNSRV% install %SHORTNAME% %RUNAS% --DisplayName=%DISPLAYNAME% --Description="%DESCRIPTION%" --LogLevel=%LOGLEVEL% --LogPath=%LOGPATH% --LogPrefix=service --StdOutput=%STDOUT% --StdError=%STDERR% --StartMode=exe --Startup=%STARTUP_MODE% --StartImage=cmd.exe --StartPath=%START_PATH% ++StartParams=%STARTPARAM% --StopMode=exe --StopImage=cmd.exe --StopPath=%STOP_PATH%  ++StopParams=%STOPPARAM%
@rem %PRUNSRV% install "%SHORTNAME%" "%RUNAS%" --DisplayName="%DISPLAYNAME%" --Description="%DESCRIPTION%" --LogLevel="%LOGLEVEL%" --LogPath="%LOGPATH%" --LogPrefix=service --StdOutput="%STDOUT%" --StdError="%STDERR%" --StartMode=exe --Startup="%STARTUP_MODE%" --StartImage=cmd.exe --StartPath="%START_PATH%" ++StartParams="%STARTPARAM%" --StopMode=exe --StopImage=cmd.exe --StopPath="%STOP_PATH%"  ++StopParams="%STOPPARAM%"

@if /I "%ISDEBUG%" == "true" (
  @echo off
)

if errorlevel 8 (
  echo ERROR: The service %SHORTNAME% already exists
  goto endBatch
)
if errorlevel 0 (
  echo Service %SHORTNAME% installed
  goto endBatch
)
goto cmdEnd


REM the other commands take a /name parameter - if there is no ^<servicename^> passed as second parameter,
REM we silently ignore this and use the default SHORTNAME

:cmdUninstall
if /I "%~1"=="/name" (
  if not "%~2"=="" (
    set SHORTNAME="%~2"
  )
)
%PRUNSRV% stop %SHORTNAME%
if errorlevel 0 (
  %PRUNSRV% delete %SHORTNAME%
  if errorlevel 0 (
    echo Service %SHORTNAME% uninstalled
  )
) else (
  echo Unable to stop the service %SHORTNAME%
)
goto cmdEnd

:cmdStart
if /I "%~1"=="/name" (
  if not "%~2"=="" (
    set SHORTNAME="%~2"
  )
)
%PRUNSRV% start %SHORTNAME%
echo Service %SHORTNAME% starting...
goto cmdEnd

:cmdStop
if /I "%~1"=="/name" (
  if not "%~2"=="" (
    set SHORTNAME="%~2"
  )
)
%PRUNSRV% stop %SHORTNAME%
echo Service %SHORTNAME% stopping...
goto cmdEnd

:cmdRestart
if /I "%~1"=="/name" (
  if not "%~2"=="" (
    set SHORTNAME="%~2"
  )
)
%PRUNSRV% stop %SHORTNAME%
echo Service %SHORTNAME% stopping...
if "%errorlevel%" == "0" (
  %PRUNSRV% start %SHORTNAME%
  echo Service %SHORTNAME% starting...
) else (
  echo Unable to stop the service %SHORTNAME%
)
goto cmdEnd


:cmdEnd
REM if there is a need to add other error messages, make sure to list higher numbers first !
if errorlevel 2 (
  echo ERROR: Failed to load service %SHORTNAME% configuration
  goto endBatch
)
if errorlevel 0 (
  goto endBatch
)
echo "Unforseen error=%errorlevel%"

rem nothing below, exit
:endBatch

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